Исследован опыт зарубежных стран-членов Европейского Союза в реформировании административно-территориального устройства, проанализированы проблемы современного территориального устройства Украины и доказана необходимость внесения соответствующих изменений в законодательство. ; Studied the experience of other member countries of the European Union to reform the administrative-territorial structure, analyzed the problems of modern territorial structure is shown to be necessary and appropriate changes to the legislation of Ukraine.
Studied the experience of other member countries of the European Union to reform the administrative-territorial structure, analyzed the problems of modern territorial structure is shown to be necessary and appropriate changes to the legislation of Ukraine. ; Исследован опыт зарубежных стран-членов Европейского Союза в реформировании административно-территориального устройства, проанализированы проблемы современного территориального устройства Украины и поставлен вопрос о необходимости внесения соответствующих изменений в законодательство Украины. ; Досліджено досвід зарубіжних країн-членів Європейського Союзу у реформуванні адміністративно-територіального устрою, проаналізовані проблеми сучасного територіального устрою України та поставлено питання про необхідність внесення відповідних змін до законодавства України.
Studied the experience of other member countries of the European Union to reform the administrative-territorial structure, analyzed the problems of modern territorial structure is shown to be necessary and appropriate changes to the legislation of Ukraine. ; Исследован опыт зарубежных стран-членов Европейского Союза в реформировании административно-территориального устройства, проанализированы проблемы современного территориального устройства Украины и поставлен вопрос о необходимости внесения соответствующих изменений в законодательство Украины. ; Досліджено досвід зарубіжних країн-членів Європейського Союзу у реформуванні адміністративно-територіального устрою, проаналізовані проблеми сучасного територіального устрою України та поставлено питання про необхідність внесення відповідних змін до законодавства України.
Исследованы особенности правового регулирования развития современных городских населенных пунктов и критерии их классификации. Проанализированы отечественное и зарубежное законодательства по данному вопросу. Акцентировано внимание на необходимости законодательного закрепления научно обоснованных критериев отнесения населенных пунктов к той или иной категории (села, поселка, города) и установление основных критериев отнесения населенных пунктов к категории городских. ; Problem setting. Legislative inconsistency and a number of legislative issues not regulated by administrative-territorial structure of the state do a lot of problems and obstacles to economic and social development of the respective cities, territories, regions, regions. The decision of criteria for the classification of settlements has become increasingly a priority. At the legislative level specified mountainous, resort and historical localities, that occupy a special place among others. The lack of uniform approach in matters of establishing and changing the constitutional and legal status of individual administrative units leads to problems of territorial authorities in urban settlements. Recent research and publication analysis. The general questions of classification of settlements and their contribution to administrative-territorial units or proper categories made the article of research of such scientists, as: Kuybida V.S., Lazor O.D., Shkabaro V.M., Bodrova I.I., Teleshun S. and other. At the same time complex research problems of definition criteria of classification of city settlements to the certain category of administrative-territorial structure remained virtually unnoticed by scholars and constitutionalists. Paper objective. The problems of modern urban settlements not investigated in the current legislation is almost not reflected specificity of their legal status, there is not enough clear criteria of classification, not specified jurisdiction, powers and responsibilities between local public authorities and organs of local self-government in the governments regulation of relations on urban points. Today in Ukraine a large number of settlements is connected to the cities of Republican (in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea) and of regional importance with the preservation them as separate administrative units ("City Council"). Existing criteria for classification of categories of cities of district, regional, republican value by population does not meet modern requirements. For the intensive development of urban settlements is necessary to consider specific regional characteristics each of them. Conclusions of the research. Precise legislative consolidation of legal status of administrative territorial units (especially urban settlements) contributes to the removal of many legal disputes. The establishment of basic criteria for determining settlements in rural and urban will meet the requirements of the current Constitution of Ukraine.
В настоящее время проблема функционирования и социально-экономического развития моногородов в России, возникших исторически, приобрела особую актуальность. В статье рассматриваются моноспециализированные населенные пункты Забайкальского края, включенные в перечень, составленный на основе предложений субъектов РФ и одобренный Рабочей группой по модернизации моногородов при Правительственной комиссии по повышению устойчивости российской экономики. Автором анализируется классификация, проблемы и перспективы, а также подсчитан индекс устойчивости данных поселений. Отмечена общность проблем поселений, зависимость перспектив развития поселений от численности населения.At present the problem of functioning and socio-economic development of historically emerged monotowns in Russia acquired a special urgency. In the article the monospecialized settlements of Zabaykalsky Krai included in the list made on the basis of offers of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation and approved by the Working group on modernization of monotowns at the Government commission on increase of stability of the Russian economy are considered. The author analyzes the classification, problems and prospects of monosettlements and has calculated the stability index of these settlements. The community of problems of settlements, dependence of prospects of development of settlements on population is noted. The economy of many monospecialized cities is concentrated and depends on one city-forming enterprise. In such settlements (the city, the settlement) life and wellbeing of people are closely connected with the activity of one (or several) city-forming enterprises. The city-forming enterprise carries out not only economic, but also social loading, in the prevailing measure providing activity conditions in the settlement. Because of sharp drop of demand in the markets for production of the city-forming enterprises their owners had to reduce outputs, to send workers on forced leaves, to transfer them to a part-time work, or to dismiss altogether. Primary branches of economy of monotowns are the metallurgy, mining and the forest industry. The objective of this research to analyse regional specificity of monospecialized settlements of Zabaykalsky Krai. In connection with that the following problems were solved: to reveal features and problems of monosettlements, to carry out typology of monosettlements of the area. The accent of research is moved to city settlements, as overwhelming number of monospecialized settlements the city and the settlement of city type. The analysis is based on data of the official site of the Ministry of economic development of Zabaykalsky Krai, web resources, the literature analysis with application of comparative and geographical, cartographical methods. The object of research were monospecialized settlements of Zabaykalsky Krai. The carried-out typology of the considered monospecialized settlements of Zabaykalsky Krai showed a community of their problems: high degree of monostructure of economy of settlements, negative demographic processes, economic problems at the city-forming enterprises. The share of the city-forming enterprises in the main socio-economic indexes of monospecialized settlements is high. Budgets of the considered settlements are subsidized: the most part is made by gratuitous receipts of budgets of other levels (on average 50%). The main share of the entering receipts is formed at the expense of the city-forming enterprises and taxes on the income of individuals. Thus, dependence of settlements on the activity of the city-forming enterprises remains. Now the differentiated policy in the solution of problems of monospecialized settlements is offered: actions and mechanisms of development and support depending on a social and economic situation. In the consideration of prospects of monosettlements the criterion of population is very important. Development of alternative productions (diversification of economy due to implementation of projects in spheres of economy, non-adjacent activity of the city-forming enterprise) is the most difficult and important point in the solution of problems of monotowns. For such settlements overcoming of a monoprofile, activity diversification that is in turn connected with existence of investment projects is promising.
The subject of this research was the modern urban agglomerations and its aim was to find out the main tendencies of their development by way of the analyses of problems faced by urban agglomerations and their management mechanisms. The main method of the conducted research was the comparative legal method, as the study is based on comparing the experience of different countries in the sphere of urban governance. The author used sociological, systemic and structural-functional approaches as well. The author believes that the problems faced by urban agglomerations are caused by the activities of different administrative bodies at their territory, the lack of proper coordination in the face of pretty acute rivalry between them. The mentioned problems are also exacerbated by modern migration processes. The number of "native" inhabitants is being decreased in many cities, the middle class is largely moving to suburbs while poor people are moving to urban centers, the urban population is getting older. The article also contains the analyses of different attitudes towards organization of administrative structures at the territory of the modern agglomeration. Proponents of only one strong jurisdiction, functioning within the agglomeration and taking decisions obligatory for the whole area, were called "consolidationists. "Polycentrists" believe that the more various jurisdictions function within the agglomeration the better, because centralized and hierarchical administrative model is outdated and ineffective.
The article offers an analysis of the public survey conducted by the Center for humanitarian social economic political studies-2 (GEPICenter-2) commissioned by Omsk City Administration in July and August 2015. It reviews how Omsk residents feel about Mayor's Office and the quality of municipal services, index of public discontent, as well as a breakdown of opinions on the introduction of City Manager Office. The survey results indicate that Omsk City Administration can improve its image and win the trust of the citizens primarily by how well the Administration will perform in public roads maintenance, housing, public transit operation and public utilities sector.
Legislative inconsistency and a number of legislative issuesnot regulated by administrative-territorial structure of the state do a lot of problemsand obstacles to economic and social development of the respective cities, territories,regions, regions. The decision of criteria for the classification of settlements hasbecome increasingly a priority. At the legislative level specified mountainous, resortand historical localities, that occupy a special place among others. The lack ofuniform approach in matters of establishing and changing the constitutional and legalstatus of individual administrative units leads to problems of territorial authorities inurban settlements.Recent research and publication analysis. The general questions ofclassification of settlements and their contribution to administrative-territorial units orproper categories made the article of research of such scientists, as: Kuybida V.S.,Lazor O.D., Shkabaro V.M., Bodrova I.I., Teleshun S. and other. At the same timecomplex research problems of definition criteria of classification of city settlementsto the certain category of administrative-territorial structure remained virtuallyunnoticed by scholars and constitutionalists.Paper objective. The problems of modern urban settlements not investigatedin the current legislation is almost not reflected specificity of their legal status, there2is not enough clear criteria of classification, not specified jurisdiction, powers andresponsibilities between local public authorities and organs of local self-governmentin the governments regulation of relations on urban points. Today in Ukraine a largenumber of settlements is connected to the cities of Republican (in the AutonomousRepublic of Crimea) and of regional importance with the preservation them asseparate administrative units ("City Council").Existing criteria for classification of categories of cities of district, regional,republican value by population does not meet modern requirements. For the intensivedevelopment of urban settlements is necessary to consider specific regionalcharacteristics each of them.Conclusions of the research. Precise legislative consolidation of legal statusof administrative territorial units (especially urban settlements) contributes to theremoval of many legal disputes. The establishment of basic criteria for determiningsettlements in rural and urban will meet the requirements of the current Constitutionof Ukraine. ; Исследованы особенности правового регулирования развития современных городских населенных пунктов и критерии их классификации. Проанализированы отечественное и зарубежное законодательства по данному вопросу. Акцентировано внимание на необходимости законодательного закрепления научно обоснованных критериев отнесения населенных пунктов к той или иной категории (села, поселка, города) и установление основных критериев отнесения населенных пунктов к категории городских ; Досліджено особливості правового регулювання розвитку сучасних міських населених пунктів та критерії їх класифікації. Проаналізовано вітчизняне та закордонне законодавство з цього питання. Наголошено на необхідності законодавчого закріплення науково обґрунтованих критеріїв віднесення населених пунктів до тієї чи іншої категорії (села, селища, міста) та встановлення основних критеріїв віднесення населених пунктів до категорії міських
Legislative inconsistency and a number of legislative issuesnot regulated by administrative-territorial structure of the state do a lot of problemsand obstacles to economic and social development of the respective cities, territories,regions, regions. The decision of criteria for the classification of settlements hasbecome increasingly a priority. At the legislative level specified mountainous, resortand historical localities, that occupy a special place among others. The lack ofuniform approach in matters of establishing and changing the constitutional and legalstatus of individual administrative units leads to problems of territorial authorities inurban settlements.Recent research and publication analysis. The general questions ofclassification of settlements and their contribution to administrative-territorial units orproper categories made the article of research of such scientists, as: Kuybida V.S.,Lazor O.D., Shkabaro V.M., Bodrova I.I., Teleshun S. and other. At the same timecomplex research problems of definition criteria of classification of city settlementsto the certain category of administrative-territorial structure remained virtuallyunnoticed by scholars and constitutionalists.Paper objective. The problems of modern urban settlements not investigatedin the current legislation is almost not reflected specificity of their legal status, there2is not enough clear criteria of classification, not specified jurisdiction, powers andresponsibilities between local public authorities and organs of local self-governmentin the governments regulation of relations on urban points. Today in Ukraine a largenumber of settlements is connected to the cities of Republican (in the AutonomousRepublic of Crimea) and of regional importance with the preservation them asseparate administrative units ("City Council").Existing criteria for classification of categories of cities of district, regional,republican value by population does not meet modern requirements. For the intensivedevelopment of urban settlements is necessary to consider specific regionalcharacteristics each of them.Conclusions of the research. Precise legislative consolidation of legal statusof administrative territorial units (especially urban settlements) contributes to theremoval of many legal disputes. The establishment of basic criteria for determiningsettlements in rural and urban will meet the requirements of the current Constitutionof Ukraine. ; Исследованы особенности правового регулирования развития современных городских населенных пунктов и критерии их классификации. Проанализированы отечественное и зарубежное законодательства по данному вопросу. Акцентировано внимание на необходимости законодательного закрепления научно обоснованных критериев отнесения населенных пунктов к той или иной категории (села, поселка, города) и установление основных критериев отнесения населенных пунктов к категории городских ; Досліджено особливості правового регулювання розвитку сучасних міських населених пунктів та критерії їх класифікації. Проаналізовано вітчизняне та закордонне законодавство з цього питання. Наголошено на необхідності законодавчого закріплення науково обґрунтованих критеріїв віднесення населених пунктів до тієї чи іншої категорії (села, селища, міста) та встановлення основних критеріїв віднесення населених пунктів до категорії міських
Legislative inconsistency and a number of legislative issuesnot regulated by administrative-territorial structure of the state do a lot of problemsand obstacles to economic and social development of the respective cities, territories,regions, regions. The decision of criteria for the classification of settlements hasbecome increasingly a priority. At the legislative level specified mountainous, resortand historical localities, that occupy a special place among others. The lack ofuniform approach in matters of establishing and changing the constitutional and legalstatus of individual administrative units leads to problems of territorial authorities inurban settlements.Recent research and publication analysis. The general questions ofclassification of settlements and their contribution to administrative-territorial units orproper categories made the article of research of such scientists, as: Kuybida V.S.,Lazor O.D., Shkabaro V.M., Bodrova I.I., Teleshun S. and other. At the same timecomplex research problems of definition criteria of classification of city settlementsto the certain category of administrative-territorial structure remained virtuallyunnoticed by scholars and constitutionalists.Paper objective. The problems of modern urban settlements not investigatedin the current legislation is almost not reflected specificity of their legal status, there2is not enough clear criteria of classification, not specified jurisdiction, powers andresponsibilities between local public authorities and organs of local self-governmentin the governments regulation of relations on urban points. Today in Ukraine a largenumber of settlements is connected to the cities of Republican (in the AutonomousRepublic of Crimea) and of regional importance with the preservation them asseparate administrative units ("City Council").Existing criteria for classification of categories of cities of district, regional,republican value by population does not meet modern requirements. For the intensivedevelopment of urban settlements is necessary to consider specific regionalcharacteristics each of them.Conclusions of the research. Precise legislative consolidation of legal statusof administrative territorial units (especially urban settlements) contributes to theremoval of many legal disputes. The establishment of basic criteria for determiningsettlements in rural and urban will meet the requirements of the current Constitutionof Ukraine. ; Исследованы особенности правового регулирования развития современных городских населенных пунктов и критерии их классификации. Проанализированы отечественное и зарубежное законодательства по данному вопросу. Акцентировано внимание на необходимости законодательного закрепления научно обоснованных критериев отнесения населенных пунктов к той или иной категории (села, поселка, города) и установление основных критериев отнесения населенных пунктов к категории городских ; Досліджено особливості правового регулювання розвитку сучасних міських населених пунктів та критерії їх класифікації. Проаналізовано вітчизняне та закордонне законодавство з цього питання. Наголошено на необхідності законодавчого закріплення науково обґрунтованих критеріїв віднесення населених пунктів до тієї чи іншої категорії (села, селища, міста) та встановлення основних критеріїв віднесення населених пунктів до категорії міських
В статье рассматриваются методы привлечения горожан к участию в городской политике, связанные с тенденциями развития информационных технологий. Анализируется доступ горожан к информации, консультации и участию в городской политике. Использование мобильного приложения «Активный гражданин» рассматривается как механизм организации электронных консультаций в виде городских референдумов. В статье рассматривается модель организации городских референдумов, и приводятся результативные примеры принятых на основании голосования решений, повлиявших на формирование городской политики профильных департаментов. Аргументируется необходимость развития партисипаторных технологий, раскрываются тенденции использования технических устройств для более целевого и экономичного проведения публичных консультаций. ; The paper examines new methods of the involvement of citizens into the public participation, associated with the trend of evolution of information technologies. The author analyzes the capability of civil access to information, consultation and co-participation in urban politics as common practices and as local experience of Moscow. Public participation and mobile application «Active Citizen» are examined in the article in the context of the study of the mechanism of electronic consultation. The city E-referendum is another step to the convergence of the Moscow government and the civil society. The project represents the work of the system of electronic democracy on key urban topics, such as public transport, non-stationary trade facilities, advertising and information designs, health care facilities, industrial facilities, social security institutions, etc.
В статье освещается процесс создания городских попечительств о бедных на территории Северо-Западного края. Основное внимание уделено характеристике полномочий и структуры наиболее значительного и успешно работавшего Вилен-ского попечительства. ; The article highlights the creational process of the urban trusteeship for the poor in the North-Western Region of Russia. The article focusses on the characteristics and structure of the most signifcant authorities involved and on the successful guardianship of Vilna.
Показано, как элиты Кёнигсберга столкнулись с переменами в XIX в. Старые торговые семьи города всё более вступали в конкуренцию с новыми акторами, особенно промышленниками и банкирами, пытавшимися одержать верх над первыми. Исследуются изменения в этих элитах во время значительных экономических, общественных и политических перемен.The paper focuses on Königsberg's elites faced with fast changes in the 19 th century. The city's old merchant families were up against increasing competition from new actors industrialists and bankers trying to take advantage of the former. The author examines changes in the elites in the course of major economic, social, and political changes.
Целью исследования явилось изучение зарубежной практики организации местного самоуправления, а также исследование институциональных и финансово-экономических возможностей и перспектив развития местного самоуправления в Казахстане. Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований на тему «Формирование системы местного самоуправления как основы модернизации территориального развития Казахстана: фундаментальные принципы, институты, модели и механизмы» (грант Министерства образования и науки Республики Казахстан 1424/ГФ3, 2013 2015 годы). В статье исследованы, обобщены и систематизированы существующие модели и позитивный зарубежный опыт местного самоуправления. Обоснована необходимость формирования собственной казахстанской модели системы местного самоуправления и ее поэтапной реализации. Выявлены особенности становления местного самоуправления в городских и сельских населенных пунктах Казахстана, проанализированы финансово-экономические возможности его перспективного развития. Разработаны рекомендации по формированию бюджетов местного самоуправления, совершенствованию системы межбюджетного регулирования в Казахстане. ; The study is aimed at studying the foreign experience to organize local self-government and the institutional and financial-economic opportunities and prospects to develop local self-government in Kazakhstan. The article is based on the results of the research "Formation of the local government system as a basis for the modernization of Kazakhstan's territorial development: fundamental principles, institutions, models and mechanisms" (supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan 1424/GFZ, 2013 2015). The article summarizes and systematizes the existing models and positive foreign experience of local government. It substantiates the necessity to form the Kazakh model of local self-government and implement it gradually. The work identifies the features to form local self-government in the urban and rural settlements in Kazakhstan, analyzes the economic possibilities of its future development. It presents the recommendations for the creation of local self-government budgets and the improvement of interbudgetary regulation in Kazakhstan.
